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The bulk modulus of elasticity of Iridium is 320 GPa. The shear modulus of elasticity of Iridium is 210 GPa. The Young’s modulus of elasticity of Iridium is N/A. Ultimate tensile strength of Iridium is 2000 MPa. Yield strength or yield stress is the material property defined as the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically whereas yield point is the point where nonlinear (elastic + plastic) deformation begins. Strength of a material is its ability to withstand this applied load without failure or plastic deformation.įor tensile stress, the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to elongate is known as ultimate tensile strength (UTS). In designing structures and machines, it is important to consider these factors, in order that the material selected will have adequate strength to resist applied loads or forces and retain its original shape. Strength of materials basically considers the relationship between the external loads applied to a material and the resulting deformation or change in material dimensions. The name iridium is derived from the Greek goddess of the rainbow ιρις (Iris) and reflects the various colors of its salts.In mechanics of materials, the strength of a material is its ability to withstand an applied load without failure or plastic deformation. This residue was thought to be graphite, but Tennant believed otherwise and was able to separate it into two new elements: iridium and osmium. Smithson Tennant discovered iridium in London in 1804 while examining the black residue obtained when attacking impure platinum with aqua regia. Iridium is also the most corrosion-resistant material known. It has the highest density of all the elements and a high melting point (2.454☌), and its volume mass (22,420 kg/m3) is only slightly less than that of osmium (22,570 kg/m3). Like platinum, it is a white metal, though with a glint of yellow. Iridium is a very hard, brittle and dense metal that belongs to the platinum group. It is found uncombined in nature in sediments deposited by rivers. Iridium is one of the rarest elements on Earth. It is usually commercially recovered as a by-product of nickel or copper refining. Recycling accounts for a small proportion of the metal produced globally each year. Other applications include crucibles in which synthetic single crystals for LED and data-storage technologies can be grown. This property makes it suitable for producing objects that are exposed to such materials. Iridium is not affected by acids, bases or most other strong chemicals. Iridium linings and fabrications are also suitable for glass production because the metal is inert in contact with molten glass. Over the past couple of decades, iridium’s main application has been in the production of synthetic sapphire and other crystals which are vital for LED and OLED lighting and flat screen panels, as well as other crystals used in mobile electronic devices. The demand for this kind of application is certain to increase in the years to come. It is widely used in anode catalysts for PEM electrolyzers, which are needed to produce green hydrogen. Iridium has catalytic properties which make it suitable for hydrogenation. The international prototype standard meter kept at the “Pavillon de Sèvres” in France is made from a 90% Pt–10% Ir alloy. Because of its corrosion-resistant property, it is used to set standards in weights and measures. Platinum-iridium alloys are found in jewelry, pen points, surgical pins and pivots, as well as electrical contacts and sparking points. Its main application is therefore to harden platinum by producing a platinum alloy, usually used in pacemakers, medical probes and other applications of this type. Though brittle, iridium can be worked if brought to a white heat of 1,200☌ to 1,500☌ (2,200 to 2,700 degrees Fahrenheit). Iridium from the object is key evidence for this theory.īecause of the difficulties involved in preparation and fabrication/production, the pure metal has few applications.
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Some scientists think that 66 million years ago, a meteor or asteroid impact like this wiped out the dinosaurs. A large meteorite impact would have caused a huge dust cloud, depositing iridium across the globe. Only a very thin layer of iridium exists in the Earth’s crust, although meteors and asteroids contain high levels of the metal. Have paleontologists, Jurassic Park fans or Ross Geller from Friends made you curious about dinosaurs? Have you always wondered why they are no longer on the planet? There are many theories about the cause of the dinosaurs’ extinction and one of them is linked to our metal of the month!